SpringBoot如何集成消息队列（如RabbitMQ, Kafka）？

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

spring.rabbitmq.host=localhost
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class MessageSender {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Autowired
    private Queue queue;

    public void sendMessage(String message) {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(queue.getName(), message);
    }
}

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class MessageReceiver {

    @RabbitListener(queues = "testQueue")
    public void receiveMessage(String message) {
        System.out.println("Received message: " + message);
    }
}

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class RabbitConfig {

    @Bean
    public Queue queue() {
        return new Queue("testQueue", true);
    }
}

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
</dependency>

spring.kafka.bootstrap-servers=localhost:9092
spring.kafka.consumer.group-id=test-group
spring.kafka.consumer.auto-offset-reset=earliest
spring.kafka.producer.key-serializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer
spring.kafka.producer.value-serializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer

import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class KafkaProducer {

    @Autowired
    private KafkaTemplate<String, String> kafkaTemplate;

    private final String TOPIC = "testTopic";

    public void sendMessage(String message) {
        kafkaTemplate.send(TOPIC, message);
    }
}

import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class KafkaConsumer {

    @KafkaListener(topics = "testTopic", groupId = "test-group")
    public void listen(String message) {
        System.out.println("Received message: " + message);
    }
}

import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerConfig;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.EnableKafka;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.ConsumerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.listener.ConcurrentMessageListenerContainer;
import org.springframework.kafka.listener.MessageListener;
import org.springframework.kafka.listener.MessageListenerContainer;
import org.springframework.kafka.listener.MessageListenerContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.listener.config.MessageListenerContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.listener.MessageListenerContainerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.kafka.listener.MessageListenerConfig;

@Configuration
@EnableKafka
public class KafkaConfig {
    // Configurations and listeners setup...
}